Civil Engineering Professional Engineer Practice Exam

What are the primary constraints that must be considered in bridge design?

1. Length of span

2. Type of foundation

3. Available materials

4. All of the above

The correct answer is: All of the above

The primary constraints in bridge design encompass a combination of various factors that include the length of the span, the type of foundation, and the available materials. Considering the length of the span is crucial because it directly influences the structural design and integrity of the bridge. Longer spans may require specific structural systems to ensure stability and to accommodate the loads the bridge will experience. The type of foundation is also a critical constraint since it needs to support the weight of the bridge and ensure stability with respect to varying soil conditions. The foundation type influences how forces are transmitted into the ground and affects the overall design process. Finally, the available materials affect the choice of structural systems, cost considerations, and the durability of the bridge. Different materials come with unique properties that dictate how they can be used in construction. In summary, all these factors are interconnected in bridge design, and acknowledging them in their entirety ensures that the bridge is safe, functional, and economically viable. Thus, all of the mentioned constraints must be carefully considered to achieve an effective design.