Civil Engineering Professional Engineer Practice Exam

What does a Topography Survey primarily establish?

1. Property lines

2. Elevation to determine high and low points

3. Construction lines

4. Soil characteristics

The correct answer is: Elevation to determine high and low points

A Topography Survey is primarily focused on mapping the surface features of a terrain, which includes the elevation, contours, and physical characteristics of the land. By determining high and low points, it provides a three-dimensional representation of the landscape, allowing engineers to assess drainage patterns, slope stability, and other crucial factors for design and construction purposes. This elevation data is vital for any construction project as it influences the decisions on building orientation, grading, and other site-specific requirements. Although other aspects like property lines, construction lines, or soil characteristics are important in civil engineering, these elements are not the primary focus of a topographic survey. Property lines define land ownership and are typically established through boundary surveys. Construction lines are used to guide the layout of a project but stem from the design rather than the topographical features. Soil characteristics involve geotechnical surveys focused on understanding the subsurface conditions, which also fall outside the purview of a topographical survey. Thus, the correct answer highlights the essential role of elevation in understanding and planning for construction in the given terrain.