Civil Engineering Professional Engineer Practice Exam

What is a crucial property of concrete in structural applications?

1. High tensile strength

2. High strength in compression

3. Very low cost

4. Lightweight material

The correct answer is: High strength in compression

In structural applications, concrete is primarily valued for its high strength in compression. This characteristic is critical because most structural elements, such as beams, columns, and slabs, experience compressive forces during their service life. Concrete's ability to withstand these forces without failing is essential for the integrity and stability of structures. While concrete does have some tensile strength, it is significantly weaker in tension compared to its strength in compression. This is why engineers often use reinforcement strategies, such as steel rebar, to enhance the tensile performance of concrete structures. Factors such as cost and weight are considerations in the material selection process, but they do not define the performance characteristics that are vital for structural integrity. Thus, the emphasis on high compressive strength aligns with the fundamental requirements for using concrete in engineering design and construction. This property ensures that concrete can perform effectively under load, making it a suitably reliable material for building safe and durable structures.